The construction of the Parma Cathedral began in 1059 and was consecrated in 1106. It was severely damaged by an earthquake in 1117 and rebuilt soon after. It is a remarkable example of Romanesque architecture, enriched over the centuries by Gothic, Renaissance, and Baroque interventions. The Cathedral represents an important landmark for the religious and artistic history of Emilia-Romagna.
The light stone facade is simple but solemn, with three orders of loggias. The main portal features bas-reliefs of biblical inspiration, attributed to Antelami. To the side, the octagonal Baptistery, made of pink Verona marble, marks the transition from Romanesque to Gothic. The late-Gothic bell tower, over 60 meters high, dominates the square.
The interior features a Latin cross plan with three naves, barrel vaults, and a transept with a dome. The walls are decorated with Renaissance and Baroque frescoes, while the main altar and presbytery are enriched with sculptures and stuccos. Stained glass windows and medieval floor motifs complete the mystical atmosphere of the place.
The absolute masterpiece is the dome frescoed by Correggio with the Assumption of the Virgin, a work that revolutionized perspective art and anticipated the Baroque. Other frescoes can be found in the naves (Lattanzio Gambara) and in the side chapels, illustrating biblical themes and patron saints.
Among the most relevant works are the lunette with the Deposition sculpted by Antelami, the marble pulpit with symbolic decorations, the figured capitals of the columns, and the elegant bishop's cathedra. Every detail reflects the artistic evolution from the Middle Ages to the Renaissance.